International Journal of Educational Spectrum (IJES) is an internationally refereed scholarly journal published online every six months. It started publishing academic articles in 2019. IJES is an open-access and double-blind reviewed journal that aims to involve scholars from all international academic and professional communities. The journal supplies a platform for diverse theoretical and thematic approaches to educational sciences. IJES includes a wide range of research methods (case study, ethnography, phenomenological research, narrative research, historical research, quantitative research− descriptive survey research, experimental research, single-subject research, causal-comparative research, correlational research, and meta-analysis, etc.). The articles inquiring noteworthy research questions from a wide range of perspectives are encouraged to be sent to IJES. IJES welcomes theoretically or practically original articles previously unpublished anywhere. The articles sent to IJES cannot be published or under review elsewhere. All submitted papers will be initially reviewed and assessed by the editorial board in terms of the requirements of the journal. The articles which are found suitable and acceptable by the editorial board will be submitted for scientific assessment to referees. Authors are responsible for any view stated in the articles. In IJES, both English and Turkish articles are published.